Research Publications:

  1. Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Hernandez, F. E.; Przhonska, O. V. “Photophysical Characterization, Two-Photon Absorption and Optical Power Limiting of Two Fluorenylperylene Diimides” Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2008, 112, 5618-5622.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp711950z
  2. Toro C.; De Boni, L.; Yao, S.; Belfield, K. D.; Hernandez, F. E. “Photophysical Characterization of a Highly Conjugated Bipyridyl-based Dye Synthesized by a Unique Two-step Approach” Journal of Physical Chemistry B 2008, 112, in press.
  3. Belfield, K. D.; Yao, S.; Bondar, M. V. “Organic Multiphoton Absorbing Materials and Devices” in Introduction to Organic Electronic and Optoelectronic Materials and Devices; Sun, S.-S; Dalton, L. R., Eds.; CRC Press, Taylor and Francis: New York, 2008, Ch 18, pp. 573-606.
  4. Belfield, K. D.; Yao, S.; Bondar, M. V. “Two-photon Absorbing Photonic Materials: From Fundamentals to Applications” in Photoresponsive Polymers I, Advances in Polymer Science 2008, 213, 97-156.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/12_2007_126
  5. Balu, M.; Padhila, M. A.; Hagan, D. J.; Van Stryland, E. W.; Yao, S.; Belfield, K. D.; Zheng, S. J.; Barlow, S.; Marder, S. “Broadband Z-scan characterization using a high-spectral-irradiance, high-quality supercontinuum” Journal of the Optical Society of America B – Optical Physics 2008, 25, 159-165.
  6. Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Hernandez, F. E.; Przhonska, O. V.; Yao, S. “Two-Photon Absorption Cross Section Determination for Fluorene Derivatives: Analysis of the Methodology and Elucidation of the Origin of the Absorption Processes” Journal of Physical Chemistry B 2007, 111, 12723-12729.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp074456f
  7. Yao, S.; Schafer-Hales, K. J.; Belfield, K. B. “A New Water-Soluble Near-Neutral Ratiometric Fluorescent pH Indicator” Organic Letters 2007, 9, 5645-5648. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ol7026366
  8. Corredor, C. C.; Huang, Z.-H.; Belfield, K. D.; Morales, A. R.; Bondar, M. V. “Photochromic Polymer Composites for Two-Photon 3D Optical Data Storage” Chemistry of Materials 2007, 19, 5165-5173.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm071336b
  9. Cohanoschi, I.; Yao, S.; Belfield, K. D.; Hernandez, F. E. “Effect of the concentration of organic dyes on their surface plasmon enhanced two-photon absorption cross section using activated Au nanoparticles” Journal of Applied Physics 2007, 101, 086112-1-086112-3.
  10. Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Kachkovsky, O. D.; Przhonska, O. V.; Yao, S. “Solvent effect on the steady-state fluorescence anisotropy of two-photon absorbing fluorene derivatives” Journal of Luminescence 2007, 126 (1), 14-20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jlumin.2006.04.012
  11. Andrasik, S. J.; Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Hernandez, F. E.; Morales, A. R.; Przhonska, O. V.; Yao, S. “One- and Two-Photon Singlet Oxygen Generation with New Fluorene-based Photosensitizers“ ChemPhysChem 2007, 8, 399-404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cphc.200600568
  12. Belfield, K. D.; Yanez, C. O.; Huang, Z.-L. “A Novel Two-Photon Absorbing PAG and its Application in 3-D Microfabrication” RadTech Report 2007, 21(5), 42-47.
  13. Belfield, K. D.; Zhang, L. “Norbornene Functionalized Diblock Copolymers via Ring Opening Metathesis Polymerization for Magnetic Nanoparticle Stabilization” Chemistry of Materials 2006, 18, 5929-5936.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm062004u
  14. Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Corredor, C. C.; Hernandez, F. E.; Przhonska, O. V.; Yao, S. “Two-photon photochromism of a diarylethene derivative enhanced by Förster’s resonance energy transfer from two-photon absorbing fluorenes” ChemPhysChem 2006, 7, 2514-2519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cphc.200600553
  15. Hernandez, F. E.; Cohanoschi, I.; Garcia, M.; Toro, C.; Belfield, K. D. “Three-Photon Absorption of a New Series of Halogenated Fluorene Derivatives” Chemical Physics Letters 2006, 430, 133-138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2006.08.093
  16. Corredor, C. C.; Huang, Z.-L.; Belfield, K. D. “Two-Photon 3-D Optical Data Storage via Fluorescence Modulation of an Efficient Fluorene Dye by a Photochromic Diarylethene” Advanced Materials 2006, 18,  2910-2914. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.200600826 Highlighted in Nature Photonics 1, 8-9 (2006) http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2006.65
  17. Morales, A. M.; Belfield, K. D.; Hales, J. M.; Van Stryland, E. W.; Hagan, D. J. “Synthesis of Two-Photon Absorbing Unsymmetrical Fluorenyl-Based Chromophores” Chemistry of Materials 2006, 18, 4972-4980. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm061406z
  18. Corredor, C. C.; Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Przhonska, O. V.; Hernandez, F. E.; Kachkovsky, O. D. “One and Two-Photon Photochromism of 3,4-Bis-(2,4,5-trimethyl-thiophen-3-yl)furan-2,5-dione” Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 2006, 184, 177-183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2006.04.012
  19. Corredor, C. C.; Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Przhonska, O. V.; Yao, S. “One- and Two-Photon Photochemical Stability of Linear and Branched Fluorene Derivatives” Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 2006, 184, 105-112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2006.03.036
  20. Yao, S.; Schafer-Hales, K. J.; Cohanoschi, I.; Hernandez, F. E.; Belfield, K. D. “A Water Soluble Diaminostilbene Derivative as Two-Photon Fluorescent Probe” Synlett 2006, 12, 1863-1866. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-948165
  21. Fu, J.; Przhonska. O. V.; Padilha, L. A.; Hagan, D. J.; Van Stryland, E. W.; Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Slominsky, Y. L.; Kachkovski, A. D. “Two-photon anisotropy: Analytical description and molecular modeling for symmetrical and asymmetrical organic dyes” Chemical Physics 2006, 321, 257-268.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemphys.2005.08.021
  22. Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Hernandez, F. E.; Przhonska, O. V; Yao, S. “Two-photon absorption of a supramolecular psuedoisocyanine J-aggregate assembly” Chemical Physics 2006, 320, 118-124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemphys.2005.07.003
  23. Belfield, K. D. ; Corredor, C. C.; Morales, A. R. ; Dessources, M. A. ; Hernandez, F. E. “Synthesis and Characterization of New Fluorene-based Singlet Oxygen Sensitizers” Journal of Fluorescence 2006, 16, 105-110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10895-005-0008-1
  24. Belfield, K.D.; Bondar, M. V.; Przhonska, O. V. “Singlet oxygen quantum yield determination for a fluorene-based two-photon photosensitizer” Journal of Fluorescence 2006, 16, 111-117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10895-005-0001-8
  25. Cohanoschi, I.; Belfield, K. D.; Toro, C.; Hernandez, F. E. “Solvent effects on the three-photon absorption cross-section of a highly conjugated fluorene derivative” Journal of Chemical Physics 2006, 125, 161102-1 – 161102-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2370750
  26. Cohanoschi, I.; Belfield, K. D.; Toro, C.; Yao, S.; Hernandez, F. E. “The impact of the -electron conjugation length on the three-photon absorption cross section of fluorene derivatives” Journal of Chemical Physics 2006, 124, 194707-1 – 194707-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2202322
  27. Corredor, C. C.; Huang, Z.-L.; Belfield, K. D. "Two-photon FRET-based 3D optical data storage in a composite polymer containing a photochromic diarylethene and a fluorene dye" Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., 2006, 6330, 63300A.
  28. Givishi, R.; Padilha, L. A.; Fu, J.; Hagan. D. J.; Van Stryland, E. W.; Yao, S.; Belfield, K. D. "Nonlinear absorption and refraction process of fluorene-based molecules via picosecond and femtosecond measurements" Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., 2006, 6192, 61923C.
  29. Belfield, K. D.; Morales, A. R.; Schafer-Hales, K. J.; Yao, S. “Fluorene-based Fluorescent Probes for Two-Photon Imaging Applications” Polm. Preprints 2006, 47(2), 1006-1007.
  30. Corredor, C. C.; Huang, Z.-L.; Belfield, K. D. “Two-Photon 3-D Optical Data Storage in a Photochromic Diarylethene Polymer Composite” Polm. Preprints 2006, 47(2), 1058-1059.
  31. Schafer, K. J.; Belfield, K. D.; Yao. S.; Frederiksen, P. K.; Hales. J. M.; Kolattukudy, P. E. “Fluorene-based fluorescent probes with high two-photon action cross-sections for biological multiphoton imaging applications” Journal of Biomedical Optics 2005, 10 (5), 051402-1-051402-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.2104528
  32. Yao, S.; Belfield, K. D. “Synthesis of Two-Photon Absorbing Unsymmetrical Branched Chromophores through Direct Tris(bromomethylation) of Fluorene” Journal of Organic Chemistry 2005 70, 5126-5132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo0503512
  33. Cohanoschi, I.; Barbot, A.; Belfield, K. D.; Yao, S.; Hernandez, F. E. “Mega Three-Photon Absorption Cross-Section Enhancement in psuedoisocyanine J-Aggregates” Journal of Chemical Physics 2005, 123, 231104-1-231104-3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2150209
  34. Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Hales, J. M.; Morales, A. R.; Przhonska, O. V.; Schafer, K. J. “One- and two-photon fluorescence anisotropy of fluorene derivatives,” Journal of Fluorescence 2005, 15(1), 3-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10895-005-0207-9
  35. Cohanoschi, I.; Belfield, K. D.; Hernandez, F. E. “Three-photon absorption enhancement in symmetrical charge transfer pull-pull fluorene derivatives” Chemical Physics Letters 2005, 406, 462-466.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2005.03.037
  36. Belfield, K. D.; Yao, S.; Morales, A. R.; Hales, J. M.; Hagan, D. J.; Van Stryland, E. W. Chapela, V. M.; Percino, J. "Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Rigid Two-Photon Absorbing Polymers" Polymers for Advanced Technologies 2005, 16, 150-155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pat.550
  37. Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Cohanoschi, I.; Hernandez, F. E.; Kachkovsky, O. D.; Przhonska, O. V.; Yao, S. “Excited-state absorption and anisotropy properties of two-photon absorbing fluorene derivatives” Applied Optics 2005, 44, 7232-7238. http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?URI=ao-44-33-7232
  38. Givishi, R.; McMillian, T. H.; Hagan. D. J.; Van Stryland, E. W.; Schafer, K. J.; Yao, S.; Belfield, K. D. "Nonlinear absorption and refraction measurements of Fluorene-based molecules via Picosecond Z-scans" Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., 2005, 5934, 59340C.
  39. Divliansky, I. B.; Weaver, G.; Petrovich, M.; Jabbour, T.; Seigneur, H. P.; Parnell-Lampen, C.; Thompson, A.; Belfield, K. D.; Kuebler, S. M. "CAD-integrated system for automated multi-photon three-dimensional micro- and nano-fabrication" Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., 2005, 5720, 196-203.
  40. Belfield, K. D.; Schafer, K. J.; Andrasik, S. J. "Modulation of Optical Properties in New Photosensitive Polymers: 3-D Optical Data Storage Media" In Chromogenic Phenomena in Polymers: Tunable Optical Properties; ACS Symposium Series 888; Jenekhe, S. A.; Kiserow, D. J., Eds.; American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 2005, Ch.9, 122-134.
  41. Belfield, K. D.; Kuebler, S. M.; Yanez, C. “Advances in two-photon polymerization and microfabrication” RadTech Eur. ’05 2005, 2, 77-82.
  42. Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Hernandez, F. E.; Morales, A. R.; Przhonska, O. V.; Schafer, K. J. “Nonlinear transmission and excited-state absorption in fluorene derivatives” Applied Optics 2004, 43, 6339-6343. http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?URI=ao-43-34-6339
  43. Belfield, K. D.; Morales, A. R.; Kang, B.-S.; Hales, J. M.; Hagan, D. J.; Van Stryland, E. W. Chapela, V. M.; Percino, J. "Synthesis, characterization and optical properties of new two-photon absorbing fluorene derivatives" Chemistry of Materials 2004, 16, 4634-4641. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm049872g
  44. Hales, J. M.; Hagan, D. J.; Van Stryland, E. W.; Schafer, K. J.; Morales, A. R.; Belfield, K. D.; Pacher, P.; Kwon, O.; Zojer, E.; Bredas, J.-L. "Resonant Enhancement of Two-Photon Absorption in Substituted Fluorene Molecules" Journal of Chemical Physics 2004, 121 (7), 3152-3160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1770726
  45. Belfield, K. D.; Morales, A. R.; Hales, J. M.; Hagan, D. J.; Van Stryland, E. W. Chapela, V. M.; Percino, J. "Linear and two-photon photophysical properties of a series of symmetrical diphenylaminofluorenes" Chemistry of Materials 2004, 16, 2267-2273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm035253g
  46. Belfield, K. D.; Zhang, L. "Synthesis of functionalized block copolymers via ring-opening metathesis polymerization: magnetic ferrofluids" Polymeric Materials: Science and Engineering 2004, 91, 783-784.
  47. Hernandez, F. E.; Belfield, K. D.; Cohanoschi, I. "Three-photon absorption enhancement in a symmetrical charge transfer fluorene derivative" Chemical Physics Letters 2004, 391, 22-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2004.04.051
  48. Hernandez, F. E.; Belfield, K. D.; Cohanoschi, I.; Balu, M.; Schafer, K. J. "Three and four-photon absorption of a multiphoton absorbing fluorescent probe" Applied Optics 2004, 43 (28), 5394-5398. http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?URI=ao-43-28-5394
  49. Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Przhonska, O. V.; Schafer, K. J. "Photostability of a series of two-photon absorbing fluorene derivatives" Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 2004, 162, 489-496.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1010-6030(03)00393-9
  50. Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Przhonska, O. V.; Schafer, K. J. "Photochemical properties of (7-benzothiazol-2-yl-9,9-didecylfluoren-2-yl)diphenylamine under one- and two-photon excitation" Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 2004, 162, 569-574. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1010-6030(03)00416-7
  51. Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Przhonska, O. V.; Schafer, K. J. "One- and two-photon photostability of 9,9-didecyl-2,7-bis-(N,N-diphenylamino)fluorene" Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences 2004, 3, 138-141.http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b307426a
  52. Schafer, K. J.; Hales, J. M; Balu, M.; Belfield, K. D.; Van Stryland, E. W.; Hagan, D. J. "Two-Photon Absorption Cross-Sections of Common Photoinitiators" Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 2004, 162, 497-502.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1010-6030(03)00394-0
  53. Belfield, K. D.; Yao, S.; Hales, J. M.; Bondar, M. V.; Hagan, D. J.; Van Stryland, E. W. "Novel two-photon absorbing branched architectures" Polymeric Materials: Science and Engineering 2004, 91, 340-341.
  54. Belfield, K. D.; Hernandez, F. E.; Bondar, M. V.; Van Stryland, E. W. "Two-photons and beyond: 2, 3 and 4 photon absorption in conjugated fluorenes" Polymeric Materials: Science and Engineering 2004, 91, 346-347.
  55. Belfield, K. D.; Morales, A. R.; Yao, S.; Brice, A.; Hales, J. M.; Hagan, D. J.; Van Stryland, E. W. "New highly efficient two-photon fluorescent dyes" Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., 2004, 5351, 173-180.
  56. Schafer, K. J.; Belfield, K. D.; Yao, S.; Hales, J. M.; Hagan, D. J.; Van Stryland, E. W. "Fluorescent dyes for multiphoton bio-imaging applications" Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., 2004, 5329, 201-206.
  57. Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V; Morales, A. R.; Yavuz, O.; Przhonska, O. V. "A New Blue Light-Emitting Oligofluorene Glass: Synthesis, Characterization, and Photophysical Properties" Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 2003, 16, 194-201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/poc.593
  58. Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Liu, Y.; Przhonska, O. V. "Photophysical and Photochemical Properties of 5,7-Dimethoxycoumarin under One- and Two-Photon Excitation" Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 2003, 16, 69-78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/poc.576
  59. Belfield, K. D.; Schafer, K. J. "Two-Photon Photoinitiated Polymerization" In Photoinitiated Polymerization; ACS Symposium Series 847; Belfield; K. D., Crivello; J. R., Eds.; American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 2003, Ch. 39.
  60. Jonsson, S.; Yang, D.; Viswanathan, K.; Shier, E.; Lindgren, K.; Belfield, K. D.; Hoyle, C. E. "Mechanistic Aspects of Maleimide-Donor Photocopolymerizations" In Photoinitiated Polymerization; ACS Symposium Series 847; Belfield; K. D., Crivello; J. R., Eds.; American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 2003, Ch. 7.
  61. Galvan-Gonzalez, A.; Belfield, K. D.; Stegeman, G. I.; Canva, M.; Marder, S. R.; Staub, K.; Levina, G.; Tweig, R. J. "Photodegradation of Selected p-Conjugated Electro-Optic Chromophores" Journal of Applied Physics 2003, 94 (1), 756-763. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1578703
  62. Belfield, K. D.; Wang, Y. "Synthesis of functionalized tri-block copolymers and their applications in dispersing magnetic nanoparticles" Polymer Preprints 2003, 44(1), 1124-1125.
  63. Belfield, K. D.; Morales, A.; Chapela, V. M.; Percino, J. "Two-photon absorption in a new symmetrical series of diphenylaminofluorene-based structures" Polymer Preprints 2003, 44(1), 1061-1062.
  64. Belfield, K. D.; Schafer, K. J.; Yao, S.; Hales, J. M.; Hagan, D. J.; Van Stryland, E. W. "Reactive two-photon fluorescent probes for biological imaging" Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., 2003, 5211, 91-95.
  65. Hales, J. M.; Schafer, K. J.; Morales, A. R.; Belfield, K. D.; Hagan, D. J.; Van Stryland, E. W. "Nonlinear optical spectroscopic characterization of a series of fluorene derivatives" Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., 2003, 5211, 21-30.
  66. Belfield, K. D.; Schafer, K. J.; Andrasik, S. J. "Photosensitive polymeric media for two-photon based optical data storage" Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., 2003, 4797, 275-283.
  67. Xia, F.; Cheng, Z.; Xu, H.; Li, H.; Zhang, Q.; Kavarnos, G. J.; Ting, R. Y.; Abdel-Sadek, G.; Belfield, K. D. "High Electromechanical Responses in a Poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene) Terpolymer"  Advanced Materials 2002, 14, 1574-1577. http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/abstract/99519688/ABSTRACT
  68. Belfield, K. D.; Schafer, K. J. "A New Photosensitive Polymeric Material for Optical Data Storage using Multichannel Two-Photon Fluorescence Readout" Chemistry of Materials 2002,14, 3656-3662.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm010799t
  69. Belfield, K. D.; Liu, Y.; Negres, R. A.; Fan M.; Pan, G.; Hagan, D. J.; Hernandez, F. E. "Two-Photon Photochromism of an Organic Material for Holographic Recording" Chemistry of Materials 2002, 14, 3663-3667.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm0107981
  70. Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Przhonska, O. V.; Schafer, K. J. "Steady-State Spectroscopic and Fluorescence Lifetime Measurements of New Two-Photon Absorbing Fluorene Derivatives" Journal of Fluorescence 2002, 12, 445-450. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021322228428
  71. Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Przhonska, O. V.; Schafer, K. J. "Photophysical Characterization of 2,9-Bis(7-benzothiazole-9,9'-didecylfluoren-2-yl)perylene Diimide: a New Standard for Steady State Fluorescence Anisotropy" Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 2002, 151(1-3), 7-11.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1010-6030(02)00176-4
  72. Belfield, K. D.; Bondar, M. V.; Prshonska, O. V.; Schafer, K. J.; Mourad, W. "Spectral Properties of Several Fluorene Derivatives with Potential as Two-Photon Fluorescent Dyes" Journal of Luminescence 2002, 97, 141-146.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-2313(02)00216-8
  73. Belfield, K. D.; Morales, A. R.; Andrasik, S. J.; Schafer, K. J.; Yavuz, O.; Chapela, V. M.; Percino, J. "Novel Two-Photon Absorbing Polymers" In Functional Condensation Polymers; Carraher, C. E.; Swift, G. G., Eds.; Kluwer: London, 2002, Ch. 11.
  74. Belfield, K. D.; Schafer, K. J.; Andrasik, S. Yavuz, O. Van Stryland, E. W.; Hagan, D. J.; Hales, J. M. "Three-Dimensional Two-Photon Imaging in Polymeric Materials" Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., 2002, 4459, 281-289.
  75. Belfield, K. D.; Schafer, K. J. "Deep Curing via Near-IR Two-Photon Induced Thiol-Ene Polymerization" Polymer Preprints 2002, 43(1), 83-84.
  76. Belfield, K. D.; Schafer, K. J.; Andrasik, S J. "Three-Dimensional Two-Photon Fluorescence Lithographic Imaging in a New Photoresponsive Polymer" Polymer Preprints 2002, 43(1), 405-406.
  77. Belfield, K. D.; Schafer, K. J. "Modulation of Optical Properties in New Photosensitive Polymers 3-D Optical Data Storage Media" Polymer Preprints 2002, 43(1), 161-162.
  78. Belfield, K. D.; Morales, A. R.; Chapela, V. M.; Percino, J. "Synthesis and Characterization of a Two-Photon Absorbing and Luminescent Aminofluorenyl Polymer" Polymer Preprints 2002, 43(1), 104-105.
  79. Belfield, K. D.; Abdel-Sadek, G. G. "Homo- and Co-fluorinated Acrylic Ester Polymers: Synthesis, Characterization, and Coating onto Silicon Surfaces" Polymer Preprints 2002, 43(1), 588.
  80. Belfield, K. D.; Abdel-Sadek, G. G.; Huang, J.; Ting, R. Y. "Radical Telomerization of Vinylidene Fluoride in the Presence of Dibromodifluoromethane as Telogen" Polymer Preprints 2002, 43(1), 644.
  81. Belfield, K. D.; Abdel-Sadek, G. G.; Ting, R. Y.; Huang, J. "Synthesis and Characterization of Fluorinated Ter-polymers" Polymer Preprints 2002, 43(1), 494-495.
  82. Doering, W. E.; Ekmanis, J. L.; Belfield, K. D.; Klarner, F. G.; Krawczyk, B. "Thermal reactions of anti- and syn-dispiro[5.0.5.2]tetradeca-1,8-dienes: Stereomutation and fragmentation to 3-methylenecyclohexenes. Entropy-dictated product ratios from diradical intermediates?" Journal of the American Chemical Society 2001, 123, 5532-5541. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja004128s
  83. Belfield, K. D. "Two-Photon Photochemistry" Spectrum, Spring 2001, 1-6.
  84. Belfield, K. D.; Ren, X.; Liu, J.; Van Stryland, E. W. "Two-Photon Photoinitiated Polymerization and Microfabrication" In Forefront of Lithographic Materials Research; Ito, H.; Khojasteh, M. M.; Li, W., Eds.; Society of Plastics Engineers: Brookfield, CT, 2001, pp. 197-201.
  85. Rapaport, A.; Szipocs, F.; Milliez, J.; Jenssen, H.; Bass, M. A.; Schafer, K. J.; Belfield, K. D. "Optically written displays based on up-conversion of near-infrared light" Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., 2001, 4294, 47-55.
  86. Belfield, K. D.; Abdel-Sadek, G. G.; LeBlanc, R. A.; Vicker, D. "Taming and Modifying the Surface of Silicon Wafers for Coating with Organic Polymers" Polymeric Materials: Science and Engineering 2001, 85, 8-9.
  87. Belfield, K. D.; Liu, J.; Schafer, K. J.; Andrasik, S. J. "Two-Photon Induced Photoinitiated Polymerization" Polymer Preprints 2001, 42(2), 713-714.
  88. Belfield, K. D.; Andrasik, S.; Schafer, K. J.; Yavuz, O.; Hales, J. M.; Van Stryland, E. W. "Maleic Anhydride-Modified Polymers for Two-Photon Upconverted Fluorescence" Polymeric Materials: Science and Engineering 2001, 84, 732-733.
  89. Belfield, K. D.; Schafer, K. J.; Van Stryland, E. W. "Nondestructive Multiphoton Imaging of Polymeric Materials" Polymeric Materials: Science and Engineering 2001, 84, 1010-1011.
  90. Belfield, K. D.; Morales, A. R.; Yavuz, O.; Stegeman, G. I.; Chapela, V. M.; Percino, J. "Luminescence and Multiphoton Absorption of a New Class of Bisbenzothiazole Polymer" Polymeric Materials: Science and Engineering 2001, 84, 660-661.
  91. Jonsson, S. E.; Yang, D. N.; Kalyanaraman, V.; Shier, E.; Hoyle, C. E.; Belfield. K.; Lindgren, K. "Mechanistic aspects of donor structure in maleimide/donor photo-copolymerizations" Polymer Preprints 2001, 42(2), 222-223.
  92. Belfield, K. D.; Schafer, K. J.; Liu, Y.; Liu, J.; Ren, X.; Van Stryland, E. W. "Multiphoton Absorbing Organic Materials for Microfabrication, Emerging Optical Applications and Nondestructive Three Dimensional Imaging" Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 2000, 13, 837-849. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1099-1395(200012)13:12<837::AID-POC315>3.0.CO;2-5
  93. Belfield, K. D.; Schafer, K. J.; Mourad, W.; Reinhardt, B. A. "Synthesis of New Two-Photon Absorbing Fluorene Derivatives via Cu-Mediated Ullmann Condensations" Journal of Organic Chemistry 2000, 65, 4475-4481. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo991950+
  94. Belfield, K. D., Schafer, K. S.; Alexander, M. D., Jr. "Synthesis and Characterization of a Perylene-based Luminescent Organic Glass" Chemistry of Materials 2000, 12, 1184-1186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm000045z
  95. Belfield, K. D.; Ren, X.; Hagan, D. J.; Van Stryland, E. W.; Dubikovsky, V.; Miesak, E. J. "Near-IR Two-Photon Photoinitiated Polymerization Using a Fluorone/Amine Initiating System" Journal of the American Chemcial Society 2000, 122, 1217-1218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja991990v
  96. Belfield, K. D.; Najjar, O.; Sriram, S. R. "Synthesis of Polyurethanes and Polyimides for Photorefractive Applications" Polymer 2000, 41, 5011-5020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0032-3861(99)00563-7
  97. Galvan-Gonzalez, A.; Belfield, K. D.; Stegeman, G. I.; Canva, M.; Chan, K.-P.; Park, K.; Sukhomlinova, L.; Twieg, R. J. "Photostability Enhancement of an Azobenzene Photonic Polymer" Applied Physics Letters 2000, 77, 2083-2085. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1313809
  98. Rokosz, M. J.; Gerlock, J. L.; Kucherov, A. V.; Belfield, K. D.; Fryer, N. L.; Moad, G. "15N CP/MAS Soldi State NMR Spectroscopy of a 15N-enriched Hindered Amine Light Stabilizer Photolyzed in Acrylic/Melamine and Acrylic/Urethane Coatings" Polymer Degradation and Stability 2000, 70, 81-88.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0141-3910(00)00092-6
  99. Van Stryland, E. W.; Kovsh, D. I.; Negres, R.; Hagan, D. J.; Dubikovsky, V, Belfield, K. "Optical Limiting: Characterization and Numerical Modeling" In Multiphoton and Light Driven Multielectron Processes in Organics: New Phenomena, Materials and Applications; Kajzar, F.; Agranovich, M. V., Eds.; Kluwer:Amsterdam, 2000, pp. 39-52.
  100. Belfield, K. D.; Hagan, D. J.; Liu, Y.; Negres, R. A.; Fan, M.; Hernandez, F. E. "Two-photon Photochromism of a Photorefractive Organic Material for Holographic Recording" Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 2000, 4104, 15-22.
  101. Belfield, K. D.; Schafer, K. J.; Liu, J. "Near-IR Two-Photon Absorbing Dyes and Photoinitiated Cationic Polymerization" Polymer Preprints 2000, 41(1), 578-579.
  102. Belfield, K. D.; Schafer, K. J.; Hagan, D. J.; Van Stryland, E. W., Negres, R. A. "New Two-Photon Absorbing Fluorene Derivatives: Synthesis and Nonlinear Optical Characterization" Organic Letters 1999, 1, 1575. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ol9909177
  103. Belfield, K. D.; Chinna, C.; Najjar, O.; Sriram, S. R.; Schafer, K. J. "Methodology for the Synthesis of New Multifunctional Photorefractive Polymers" In Field Responsive Polymers, ACS Symposium Series 726; Khan, I. M.; Harrison, J. S., Eds.; American Chemical Society: Washington, D. C., 1999, pp. 250-263.
  104. Belfield, K. D.; Ren, X.; Hagan, D. J.; Van Stryland, E. W.; Dubikovsky, V.; Miesak, E. J. "Two-Photon Photoinitiated Polymer Processing and Microfabrication" Organic Thin Films for Photonics Applications Technical Digest 1999.
  105. Negres, R. A.; Van Stryland, E. W.; Hagan, D. J.; Belfield, K. D.; Schafer, K. J.; Przhonska, O. V.; Reinhardt, B. A. "Nonlinear Spectrometer for Characterization of Organic and Polymer Molecules" Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 1999, 3796, 88-97.
  106. Belfield, K. D.; Stegeman, G. I.; Najjar, O.; Schafer, K. J.; Meier, J.; Pliska, T. "NLO-Containing Polymers with Very Low Near-IR Absorption" Polymer Preprints 1999, 40 (2), 1295-1296.
  107. Belfield, K. D.; Reinhardt, B. A.; Brott, L. L.; Clarson, S. J.; Najjar, O.; Pius, S. M.; Van Stryland, E. W.; Negres, R. “Synthesis and Characterization of New Two-Photon Absorbing Polymers " Polymer Preprints 1999, 40 (1), 127-128.
  108. Belfield, K. D.; Ren, X.; Hagan, D. J.; Van Stryland, E. W.; Dubikovsky, V.; Miesak, E. J. "Microfabrication via Two-photon Photoinitiated Polymerization" Polymeric Materials: Science and Engineering. 1999, 81, 79-80.
  109. Belfield, K. D.; Chinna, C.; Najjar, O. "Synthesis of Novel Polysiloxanes Containing Charge Transporting and Second-Order NLO Functionalities with Atom Economical Constructs" Macromolecules 1998, 31, 2918. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma970910+
  110. Belfield, K. D.; Sriram, S. R. "A Novel Architecture for Electro-optic Polyurethanes: Alternating Charge Transporting and Nonlinear Optical Chromophores" Advances in Urethane Science and Technology 1998, 14, 81.
  111. Belfield, K. D.; Metla, D. "Synthesis and Cationic Ring-Opening Polymerization of a New Liquid Crystalline Dioxolane Monomer" Polymer Preprints 1998, 39 (2), 447-448.
  112. Belfield, K. D.; Najjar, O.; Pius, S. M. "Synthesis of Polysiloxanes Bearing Di- or Triarylamines and NLO Chromophores" Polymer Preprints 1998, 39 (2), 445-446.
  113. Belfield, K.D.; Pichandi, S. "FT-IR Study of UV and Visible Photoinitiated Polymerization of 4-Methylenedioxolanes" Polymer Preprints 1998, 39 (1), 373.
  114. Belfield, K. D.; Abdelrazzaq, F. B. "Photoinitiated Cationic Crosslinking of 4-Methylene-2-phenyl-1,3-dioxolane with 2,2'-(1,4-Phenylene)bis-4-methylene-1,3-dioxolane" Macromolecules 1997, 30, 6985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma9613446
  115. Belfield, K. D.; Chinna, C.; Schafer, K. J. "Synthesis of Donor-Acceptor Stilbenes Bearing Phosphonate Ester Electron-Withdrawing Groups" Tetrahedron Letters 1997, 38, 6131.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(97)01390-7
  116. Belfield, K. D.; Abdelrazzaq, F. B. "Novel Photoinitiated Cationic Copolymerizations of 4-Methylene-2-phenyl-1,3-dioxolane" Journal of Polymer Science, Polymer Chemistry Edition 1997, 35, 2207-2219.
  117. Belfield, K. D.; Zhang, G. "Photoinitiated Cationic Ring-Opening Polymerization of a Cyclosiloxane" Polymer Bulletin 1997, 38, 165-168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002890050033
  118. Belfield, K. D.; Chinna, C.; Najjar, O.; Schafer, K. J.; Sriram, S. "Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Organic Photorefractive Materials" Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 1997, 3144, 154-165.
  119. Grunnet-Jepsen, A.; Thompson, C. L.; Twieg, R. J.; Belfield, K. D.; Bratcher, M. S.; Moerner, W. E.  "Large Gain Photorefractive Polymers" Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 1997, 3144, 216-226.
  120. Belfield, K. D.; Pichandi, S.; Abdelrazzaq, F. B.; Walsh, M. "Interpenetrating Polymer Networks for Dental Applications via Simultaneous Photoinitiated Cationic and Radical Polymerization" Polymer Preprints 1997, 38 (2), 88.
  121. Belfield, K. D.; Chinna, C.; Najjar, O.; Sriram, S.; Schafer, K. "New Multifunctional Photorefractive Polymers" Polymer Preprints 1997, 38 (2), 514.
  122. Belfield, K. D.; Abdelrazzaq, F. B. "Photoinitiated Cationic Polymerization of Mono- and Difunctional Cyclic Dioxolanes" Polymer Preprints 1997, 38 (1), 199.
  123. Belfield, K. D.; Geng, P. "A New Thermally-Reversible Photocrosslinkable Siloxane" Polymer Preprints 1997, 38 (1), 201.
  124. Belfield, K. D.; Chinna, C.; Sriram, S.; Najjar, O. "Synthesis of New Low Tg Photorefractive Polymers" Polymer Preprints 1997, 38 (1), 203.
  125. Belfield, K. D.; Garcia, G. "New Nonionic Polymeric Hydrogels via Graft Copolymerization" Polymer Materials: Science and Engineering 1997, 76, 383.
  126. Belfield, K. D.; Zhang, G. "Photoinitiated Cationic Ring-Opening Polymerizations of Spiroorthoesters and a Cyclic Siloxane" Polymer Preprints 1996, 37 (1), 537.
  127. Belfield, K. D.; Abdelrazzaq, F. B. "Novel Photoinitiated Copolymerizations" PolymerPreprints 1996, 37 (1), 539.
  128. Belfield, K. D.; Belfield, J. S. "New Methods for the Synthesis of Optically Active Monomers and Polymers" Trends in Polymer Science 1995, 3, 180.
  129. Belfield, K. D.; Wang, J. "Modified Horner-Emmons Reaction of Polymeric Phosphonates: Versatile Synthesis of Pendant Stilbene-Containing Polymers" Journal of Polymer Science A, Polymer Chemistry 1995, 33(8), 1235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1995.080330806
  130. Belfield, K. D.; Seo, J. "Facile Enantioselective Synthesis of Two New Bicyclic Chiral Templates" Synthetic Communications 1995, 25, 461.
  131. Belfield, K. D.; Zhang, G. "Novel Photoinitiated Cationic Ring-Opening Polymerizations" Polymer Preprints 1995, 36(2), 267.
  132. Belfield, K. D.; Zhang, G. "New Developments in the Photoinitiated Polymerization of a Dioxolane Monomer" Polymer Preprints 1995, 36(2), 269.
  133. Belfield, K. D.; Seo, J.; Geng, P. "Synthesis of Novel Optically Active Photochromic Polymers" Polymer Preprints 1994, 35(2), 649.
  134. Belfield, K. D.; Seo, J.; Geng, P. "New Optically Active Photochromic Difunctional Monomers" Polymer Preprints 1994, 35(2), 647.
  135. Belfield, K. D.; Wang, J. "Towards a General Method for the Synthesis of Photochromic Polymers with NLO Potential" Polymer Preprints 1994, 35(2), 645.
  136. Belfield, K. D.; Al-Asadi, M. "Preparation of a New Optically Active Monomer via Biocatalysis" Polymer Preprints 1994, 35(2), 651.
  137. Doering, W. von E.; Belfield, K. D.; He, J. "Beyond Butadiene: Activation Parameters for Thermal Stereomutations and Cycloreversion of Cyclobutanes from a Photochemical Cyclodimerization of the Rigid, All-Trans Triene 4a-Methyl-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-2-methylenenaphthalene" Journal of the American Chemical Society 1993, 115, 5414.http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00066a009
  138. Belfield, K. D.; Wang, A. “Synthesis of Novel Difunctional Monomers with Photochromic Potential” Journal of Polymer Science A, Polymer Chemistry 1993, 31(13), 3493-3497. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1993.080311340
  139. Belfield, K. D.; Hofmeister, T. S.; Seo, J. "Direct Determination of Enantiomeric Excess of Carbocyclic Esters by Chiral Capillary Gas Chromatography" Journal of Chromatography 1993, 648, 497-500.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(93)80435-B
  140. Morrill, T. C.; Lu, Q.; Brister, A.; O'Shaughnessy, B.; Belfield, K. "The Halogenolysis of Organoboranes" Synthesis 1993, 973.
  141. Belfield, K. D.; Wang, A. "Synthesis of New Photochromic Monomers" Polymer Preprints 1993, 34(2), 352.
  142. Belfield, K. D.; Lin, X. Z.; Cabasso, I. "Hydrosilylation of a,b-Unsaturated Esters: Application for the Synthesis of Functional Polysiloxane Graft Copolymers and Macromonomers" Journal of Polymer Science A, Polymer Chemistry 1991, 29(7), 1073-1076. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1991.080290715
  143. Chen, G.-F.; Wang, J. T.; Williams, F.; Belfield, K. D.; Baldwin, J. E. "Matrix ESR Evidence for the Formation of the Bicyclo[3.2.0]hepta-2,6-diene Radical Cation Both from Ionized Quadricyclane and as an Intermediate in the Radical Cation Photoisomerization of Norbornadiene to Cycloheptatriene" Journal of the American Chemical Society 1991, 113, 9853.http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00026a023
  144. Baldwin, J. E.; Belfield, K. D. "Dynamic Isotope Dilution Kinetic Study of the Thermal Conversions of Bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-ene to Bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene and to Cyclopentadiene and Ethene"  Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 1989, 2, 455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/poc.610020604
  145. Baldwin, J. E.; Belfield, K. D. "Stereochemistry of the Thermal Isomerization of Bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-ene to Bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene"  Journal of the American Chemical Society 1988, 110, 296.http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00209a051
  146. Baldwin, J. E.; Belfield, K. D. "Specifically Deuteriated Bicyclo[3.2.0]hepta-2,6-dienes" Journal of Organic Chemistry 1987, 52, 4772.http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00230a022
147. Vukanovic, V.; Butler, S.; Kapur, S.; Krakower, E.; Allston, T.; Belfield, K. D.; Gibson, G. "The Use of an Arc Plasma Rotating in a Magnetic Field for Metal Coating Glass Substrates"  Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology A 1983, 1, 881. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.572016

 

Last update: September, 2008